Data::Validate::IP.3pm

Langue: en

Autres versions - même langue

Version: 2010-03-01 (ubuntu - 24/10/10)

Section: 3 (Bibliothèques de fonctions)

Sommaire

NAME

Data::Validate::IP - ipv4 and ipv6 validation methods

SYNOPSIS

   use Data::Validate::IP qw(is_ipv4 is_ipv6);
   
   if(is_ipv4($suspect)){
         print "Looks like an ipv4 address";
   } else {
         print "Not an ipv4 address\n";
   }
 
   if(is_ipv6($suspect)){
         print "Looks like an ipv6 address";
   } else {
         print "Not an ipv6 address\n";
   }
   
 
   # or as an object
   my $v = Data::Validate::IP->new();
   
   die "not an ipv4 ip" unless ($v->is_ipv4('domain.com'));
 
   die "not an ipv6 ip" unless ($v->is_ipv6('domain.com'));

DESCRIPTION

This module collects ip validation routines to make input validation, and untainting easier and more readable.

All functions return an untainted value if the test passes, and undef if it fails. This means that you should always check for a defined status explicitly. Don't assume the return will be true. (e.g. is_username('0'))

The value to test is always the first (and often only) argument.

FUNCTIONS

new - constructor for OO usage
   $obj = Data::Validate::IP->new();
Description
Returns a Data::Validator::IP object. This lets you access all the validator function calls as methods without importing them into your namespace or using the clumsy Data::Validate::IP::function_name() format.
Arguments
None
Returns
Returns a Data::Validate::IP object
is_ipv4 - does the value look like an ip v4 address?
   is_ipv4($value);
   or
   $obj->is_ipv4($value);
Description
Returns the untainted ip address if the test value appears to be a well-formed ip address.
Arguments
$value
The potential ip to test.
Returns
Returns the untainted ip on success, undef on failure.
Notes, Exceptions, & Bugs
The function does not make any attempt to check whether an ip actually exists. It only looks to see that the format is appropriate.
is_ipv6 - does the value look like an ip v6 address?
   is_ipv6($value);
Description
Returns the untainted ip address if the test value appears to be a well-formed ip address.
Arguments
$value
The potential ip to test.
Returns
Returns the untainted ip on success, undef on failure.
Notes, Exceptions, & Bugs
The function does not make any attempt to check whether an ip actually exists. It only looks to see that the format is appropriate.
is_innet_ipv4 - is it a valid ipv4 address in the network specified
   is_innet_ipv4($value,$network);
   or
   $obj->is_innet_ipv4($value,$network);
Description
Returns the untainted ip address if the test value appears to be a well-formed ip address inside of the network specified
Arguments
$value
The potential ip to test.
$network
The potential network the IP must be a part of. Functionality uses Net::Netmask and should be in the form: 
        '216.240.32.0/24'               The preferred form.
 
        '216.240.32.0:255.255.255.0'
        '216.240.32.0-255.255.255.0'
        '216.240.32.0 - 216.240.32.255'
        '216.240.32.4'                  A /32 block.
 
        '216.240.32'                    Always a /24 block.
 
        '216.240'                       Always a /16 block.
 
        '140'                           Always a /8 block.
 
        '216.240.32/24'
        '216.240/16'
        'default'                       0.0.0.0/0 (the default route)
 
        '216.240.32.0#0.0.31.255'       A hostmask (as used by Cisco
                                        access-lists).

Examples taken from Net::Netmask documentation. For more advanced network matching needs please see Net::Netmask.

Returns
Returns the untainted ip on success, undef on failure.
Notes, Exceptions, & Bugs
The function does not make any attempt to check whether an ip actually exists.
is_private_ipv4 - is it a valid private ipv4 address
   is_private_ipv4($value);
   or
   $obj->is_private_ipv4($value);
Description
Returns the untainted ip address if the test value appears to be a well-formed private ip address.
Arguments
$value
The potential ip to test.
Returns
Returns the untainted ip on success, undef on failure.
Notes, Exceptions, & Bugs
The function does not make any attempt to check whether an ip actually exists.
From RFC 3330
    10.0.0.0/8 - This block is set aside for use in private networks.
    Its intended use is documented in [RFC1918].  Addresses within this
    block should not appear on the public Internet.
 
    172.16.0.0/12 - This block is set aside for use in private networks.
    Its intended use is documented in [RFC1918].  Addresses within this
    block should not appear on the public Internet.
 
    192.168.0.0/16 - This block is set aside for use in private networks.
    Its intended use is documented in [RFC1918].  Addresses within this
    block should not appear on the public Internet.
is_loopback_ipv4 - is it a valid loopback ipv4 address
   is_loopback_ipv4($value);
   or
   $obj->is_loopback_ipv4($value);
Description
Returns the untainted ip address if the test value appears to be a well-formed loopback ip address.
Arguments
$value
The potential ip to test.
Returns
Returns the untainted ip on success, undef on failure.
Notes, Exceptions, & Bugs
The function does not make any attempt to check whether an ip actually exists.
From RFC 3330
    127.0.0.0/8 - This block is assigned for use as the Internet host
    loopback address.  A datagram sent by a higher level protocol to an
    address anywhere within this block should loop back inside the host.
    This is ordinarily implemented using only 127.0.0.1/32 for loopback,
    but no addresses within this block should ever appear on any network
    anywhere [RFC1700, page 5].
is_testnet_ipv4 - is it a valid testnet ipv4 address
   is_testnet_ipv4($value);
   or
   $obj->is_testnet_ipv4($value);
Description
Returns the untainted ip address if the test value appears to be a well-formed testnet ip address.
Arguments
$value
The potential ip to test.
Returns
Returns the untainted ip on success, undef on failure.
Notes, Exceptions, & Bugs
The function does not make any attempt to check whether an ip actually exists.
From RFC 3330
    192.0.2.0/24 - This block is assigned as "TEST-NET" for use in
    documentation and example code.  It is often used in conjunction with
    domain names example.com or example.net in vendor and protocol
    documentation.  Addresses within this block should not appear on the
    public Internet.
is_multicast_ipv4 - is it a valid multicast ipv4 address
   is_multicast_ipv4($value);
   or
   $obj->is_multicast_ipv4($value);
Description
Returns the untainted ip addres if the test value appears to be a well-formed multicast ip address.
Arguments
$value
The potential ip to test.
Returns
Returns the untainted ip on success, undef on failure.
Notes, Exceptions, & Bugs
The function does not make any attempt to check whether an ip actually exists.
From RFC 3330
    224.0.0.0/4 - This block, formerly known as the Class D address
    space, is allocated for use in IPv4 multicast address assignments.
    The IANA guidelines for assignments from this space are described in
    [RFC3171].
is_linklocal_ipv4 - is it a valid link-local ipv4 address
   is_linklocal_ipv4($value);
   or
   $obj->is_linklocal_ipv4($value);
Description
Returns the untainted ip addres if the test value appears to be a well-formed link-local ip address.
Arguments
$value
The potential ip to test.
Returns
Returns the untainted ip on success, undef on failure.
Notes, Exceptions, & Bugs
The function does not make any attempt to check whether an ip actually exists.
From RFC 3330
    169.254.0.0/16 - This is the "link local" block.  It is allocated for
    communication between hosts on a single link.  Hosts obtain these
    addresses by auto-configuration, such as when a DHCP server may not
    be found.
is_linklocal_ipv6 - is it a valid link-local ipv6 address
   is_linklocal_ipv6($value);
   or
   $obj->is_linklocal_ipv6($value);
Description
Returns the untainted ip addres if the test value appears to be a well-formed link-local ip address.
Arguments
$value
The potential ip to test.
Returns
Returns the untainted ip on success, undef on failure.
Notes, Exceptions, & Bugs
The function does not make any attempt to check whether an ip actually exists.
From RFC 2462
    A link-local address is formed by prepending the well-known link-
    local prefix FE80::0 [ADDR-ARCH] (of appropriate length) to the
    interface identifier. If the interface identifier has a length of N
    bits, the interface identifier replaces the right-most N zero bits of
    the link-local prefix.  If the interface identifier is more than 118
    bits in length, autoconfiguration fails and manual configuration is
    required. Note that interface identifiers will typically be 64-bits
    long and based on EUI-64 identifiers as described in [ADDR-ARCH].
is_public_ipv4 - is it a valid public ipv4 address
   is_public_ipv4($value);
   or
   $obj->is_public_ipv4($value);
Description
Returns the untainted ip address if the test value appears to be a well-formed public ip address.
Arguments
$value
The potential ip to test.
Returns
Returns the untainted ip on success, undef on failure.
Notes, Exceptions, & Bugs
The function does not make any attempt to check whether an ip actually exists or could truly route. This is true for any non- private/testnet/loopback ip.

SEE ALSO

IPv4

b<[RFC 3330] [RFC 1918] [RFC 1700]>

IPv6

b<[RFC 2460] [RFC 4291] [RFC 4294]>

Data::Validate(3)
Net::Netmask(3)

IPv6

IPv6 Support is new, please test it thoroughly and report any bugs.

AUTHOR

Neil Neely <neil@neely.cx>.

ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS

Thanks to Richard Sonnen <sonnen@richardsonnen.com> for writing the Data::Validate module.

Thanks to Matt Dainty <matt@bodgit-n-scarper.com> for adding the is_multicast_ipv4 and is_linklocal_ipv4 code.

Copyright (c) 2005-2010 Neil Neely.

This library is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it under the same terms as Perl itself, either Perl version 5.8.2 or, at your option, any later version of Perl 5 you may have available.