archive_read

Langue: en

Version: 353806 (ubuntu - 24/10/10)

Section: 3 (Bibliothèques de fonctions)


BSD mandoc

NAME

archive_read_new archive_read_set_filter_options archive_read_set_format_options archive_read_set_options archive_read_support_compression_all archive_read_support_compression_bzip2 archive_read_support_compression_compress archive_read_support_compression_gzip archive_read_support_compression_lzma archive_read_support_compression_none archive_read_support_compression_xz archive_read_support_compression_program archive_read_support_compression_program_signature archive_read_support_format_all archive_read_support_format_ar archive_read_support_format_cpio archive_read_support_format_empty archive_read_support_format_iso9660 archive_read_support_format_mtree, archive_read_support_format_raw, archive_read_support_format_tar archive_read_support_format_zip archive_read_open archive_read_open2 archive_read_open_fd archive_read_open_FILE archive_read_open_filename archive_read_open_memory archive_read_next_header archive_read_next_header2 archive_read_data archive_read_data_block archive_read_data_skip archive_read_data_into_buffer archive_read_data_into_fd archive_read_extract archive_read_extract2 archive_read_extract_set_progress_callback archive_read_close archive_read_finish - functions for reading streaming archives

SYNOPSIS

In archive.h Ft struct archive * Fn archive_read_new void Ft int Fn archive_read_support_compression_all struct archive * Ft int Fn archive_read_support_compression_bzip2 struct archive * Ft int Fn archive_read_support_compression_compress struct archive * Ft int Fn archive_read_support_compression_gzip struct archive * Ft int Fn archive_read_support_compression_lzma struct archive * Ft int Fn archive_read_support_compression_none struct archive * Ft int Fn archive_read_support_compression_xz struct archive * Ft int Fo archive_read_support_compression_program Fa struct archive * Fa const char *cmd Fc Ft int Fo archive_read_support_compression_program_signature Fa struct archive * Fa const char *cmd Fa const void *signature Fa size_t signature_length Fc Ft int Fn archive_read_support_format_all struct archive * Ft int Fn archive_read_support_format_ar struct archive * Ft int Fn archive_read_support_format_cpio struct archive * Ft int Fn archive_read_support_format_empty struct archive * Ft int Fn archive_read_support_format_iso9660 struct archive * Ft int Fn archive_read_support_format_mtree struct archive * Ft int Fn archive_read_support_format_raw struct archive * Ft int Fn archive_read_support_format_tar struct archive * Ft int Fn archive_read_support_format_zip struct archive * Ft int Fn archive_read_set_filter_options struct archive * const char * Ft int Fn archive_read_set_format_options struct archive * const char * Ft int Fn archive_read_set_options struct archive * const char * Ft int Fo archive_read_open Fa struct archive * Fa void *client_data Fa archive_open_callback * Fa archive_read_callback * Fa archive_close_callback * Fc Ft int Fo archive_read_open2 Fa struct archive * Fa void *client_data Fa archive_open_callback * Fa archive_read_callback * Fa archive_skip_callback * Fa archive_close_callback * Fc Ft int Fn archive_read_open_FILE struct archive * FILE *file Ft int Fn archive_read_open_fd struct archive * int fd size_t block_size Ft int Fo archive_read_open_filename Fa struct archive * Fa const char *filename Fa size_t block_size Fc Ft int Fn archive_read_open_memory struct archive * void *buff size_t size Ft int Fn archive_read_next_header struct archive * struct archive_entry ** Ft int Fn archive_read_next_header2 struct archive * struct archive_entry * Ft ssize_t Fn archive_read_data struct archive * void *buff size_t len Ft int Fo archive_read_data_block Fa struct archive * Fa const void **buff Fa size_t *len Fa off_t *offset Fc Ft int Fn archive_read_data_skip struct archive * Ft int Fn archive_read_data_into_buffer struct archive * void * ssize_t len Ft int Fn archive_read_data_into_fd struct archive * int fd Ft int Fo archive_read_extract Fa struct archive * Fa struct archive_entry * Fa int flags Fc Ft int Fo archive_read_extract2 Fa struct archive *src Fa struct archive_entry * Fa struct archive *dest Fc Ft void Fo archive_read_extract_set_progress_callback Fa struct archive * Fa void (*func)(void *) Fa void *user_data Fc Ft int Fn archive_read_close struct archive * Ft int Fn archive_read_finish struct archive *

DESCRIPTION

These functions provide a complete API for reading streaming archives. The general process is to first create the struct archive object, set options, initialize the reader, iterate over the archive headers and associated data, then close the archive and release all resources. The following summary describes the functions in approximately the order they would be used:
Fn archive_read_new
Allocates and initializes a struct archive object suitable for reading from an archive.
Fn archive_read_support_compression_bzip2 , Fn archive_read_support_compression_compress , Fn archive_read_support_compression_gzip , Fn archive_read_support_compression_lzma , Fn archive_read_support_compression_none , Fn archive_read_support_compression_xz
Enables auto-detection code and decompression support for the specified compression. Returns ARCHIVE_OK if the compression is fully supported, or ARCHIVE_WARN if the compression is supported only through an external program. Note that decompression using an external program is usually slower than decompression through built-in libraries. Note that ``none'' is always enabled by default.
Fn archive_read_support_compression_all
Enables all available decompression filters.
Fn archive_read_support_compression_program
Data is fed through the specified external program before being dearchived. Note that this disables automatic detection of the compression format, so it makes no sense to specify this in conjunction with any other decompression option.
Fn archive_read_support_compression_program_signature
This feeds data through the specified external program but only if the initial bytes of the data match the specified signature value.
Fn archive_read_support_format_all , Fn archive_read_support_format_ar , Fn archive_read_support_format_cpio , Fn archive_read_support_format_empty , Fn archive_read_support_format_iso9660 , Fn archive_read_support_format_mtree , Fn archive_read_support_format_tar , Fn archive_read_support_format_zip
Enables support---including auto-detection code---for the specified archive format. For example, Fn archive_read_support_format_tar enables support for a variety of standard tar formats, old-style tar, ustar, pax interchange format, and many common variants. For convenience, Fn archive_read_support_format_all enables support for all available formats. Only empty archives are supported by default.
Fn archive_read_support_format_raw
The ``raw'' format handler allows libarchive to be used to read arbitrary data. It treats any data stream as an archive with a single entry. The pathname of this entry is ``data'' all other entry fields are unset. This is not enabled by Fn archive_read_support_format_all in order to avoid erroneous handling of damaged archives.
Fn archive_read_set_filter_options , Fn archive_read_set_format_options , Fn archive_read_set_options
Specifies options that will be passed to currently-registered filters (including decompression filters) and/or format readers. The argument is a comma-separated list of individual options. Individual options have one of the following forms:
option=value
The option/value pair will be provided to every module. Modules that do not accept an option with this name will ignore it.
option
The option will be provided to every module with a value of ``1''
!option
The option will be provided to every module with a NULL value.
module:option=value , module:option , module:!option
As above, but the corresponding option and value will be provided only to modules whose name matches module

The return value will be ARCHIVE_OK if any module accepts the option, or ARCHIVE_WARN if no module accepted the option, or ARCHIVE_FATAL if there was a fatal error while attempting to process the option.

The currently supported options are:

Format iso9660
joliet
Support Joliet extensions. Defaults to enabled, use !joliet to disable.
Fn archive_read_open
The same as Fn archive_read_open2 , except that the skip callback is assumed to be NULL
Fn archive_read_open2
Freeze the settings, open the archive, and prepare for reading entries. This is the most generic version of this call, which accepts four callback functions. Most clients will want to use Fn archive_read_open_filename , Fn archive_read_open_FILE , Fn archive_read_open_fd , or Fn archive_read_open_memory instead. The library invokes the client-provided functions to obtain raw bytes from the archive.
Fn archive_read_open_FILE
Like Fn archive_read_open , except that it accepts a Ft FILE * pointer. This function should not be used with tape drives or other devices that require strict I/O blocking.
Fn archive_read_open_fd
Like Fn archive_read_open , except that it accepts a file descriptor and block size rather than a set of function pointers. Note that the file descriptor will not be automatically closed at end-of-archive. This function is safe for use with tape drives or other blocked devices.
Fn archive_read_open_file
This is a deprecated synonym for Fn archive_read_open_filename .
Fn archive_read_open_filename
Like Fn archive_read_open , except that it accepts a simple filename and a block size. A NULL filename represents standard input. This function is safe for use with tape drives or other blocked devices.
Fn archive_read_open_memory
Like Fn archive_read_open , except that it accepts a pointer and size of a block of memory containing the archive data.
Fn archive_read_next_header
Read the header for the next entry and return a pointer to a struct archive_entry This is a convenience wrapper around Fn archive_read_next_header2 that reuses an internal struct archive_entry object for each request.
Fn archive_read_next_header2
Read the header for the next entry and populate the provided struct archive_entry
Fn archive_read_data
Read data associated with the header just read. Internally, this is a convenience function that calls Fn archive_read_data_block and fills any gaps with nulls so that callers see a single continuous stream of data.
Fn archive_read_data_block
Return the next available block of data for this entry. Unlike Fn archive_read_data , the Fn archive_read_data_block function avoids copying data and allows you to correctly handle sparse files, as supported by some archive formats. The library guarantees that offsets will increase and that blocks will not overlap. Note that the blocks returned from this function can be much larger than the block size read from disk, due to compression and internal buffer optimizations.
Fn archive_read_data_skip
A convenience function that repeatedly calls Fn archive_read_data_block to skip all of the data for this archive entry.
Fn archive_read_data_into_buffer
This function is deprecated and will be removed. Use Fn archive_read_data instead.
Fn archive_read_data_into_fd
A convenience function that repeatedly calls Fn archive_read_data_block to copy the entire entry to the provided file descriptor.
Fn archive_read_extract , Fn archive_read_extract_set_skip_file
A convenience function that wraps the corresponding archive_write_disk3 interfaces. The first call to Fn archive_read_extract creates a restore object using archive_write_disk_new3 and archive_write_disk_set_standard_lookup3, then transparently invokes archive_write_disk_set_options3, archive_write_header3, archive_write_data3, and archive_write_finish_entry3 to create the entry on disk and copy data into it. The flags argument is passed unmodified to archive_write_disk_set_options3.
Fn archive_read_extract2
This is another version of Fn archive_read_extract that allows you to provide your own restore object. In particular, this allows you to override the standard lookup functions using archive_write_disk_set_group_lookup3, and archive_write_disk_set_user_lookup3. Note that Fn archive_read_extract2 does not accept a flags argument; you should use Fn archive_write_disk_set_options to set the restore options yourself.
Fn archive_read_extract_set_progress_callback
Sets a pointer to a user-defined callback that can be used for updating progress displays during extraction. The progress function will be invoked during the extraction of large regular files. The progress function will be invoked with the pointer provided to this call. Generally, the data pointed to should include a reference to the archive object and the archive_entry object so that various statistics can be retrieved for the progress display.
Fn archive_read_close
Complete the archive and invoke the close callback.
Fn archive_read_finish
Invokes Fn archive_read_close if it was not invoked manually, then release all resources. Note: In libarchive 1.x, this function was declared to return Ft void , which made it impossible to detect certain errors when Fn archive_read_close was invoked implicitly from this function. The declaration is corrected beginning with libarchive 2.0.

Note that the library determines most of the relevant information about the archive by inspection. In particular, it automatically detects gzip(1) or bzip2(1) compression and transparently performs the appropriate decompression. It also automatically detects the archive format.

A complete description of the struct archive and struct archive_entry objects can be found in the overview manual page for libarchive(3).

CLIENT CALLBACKS

The callback functions must match the following prototypes:
Ft typedef ssize_t
Fo archive_read_callback Fa struct archive * Fa void *client_data Fa const void **buffer Fc
Ft typedef int Fo archive_skip_callback Fa struct archive * Fa void *client_data Fa size_t request Fc
Ft typedef int
Fn archive_open_callback struct archive * void *client_data
Ft typedef int
Fn archive_close_callback struct archive * void *client_data

The open callback is invoked by Fn archive_open . It should return ARCHIVE_OK if the underlying file or data source is successfully opened. If the open fails, it should call Fn archive_set_error to register an error code and message and return ARCHIVE_FATAL

The read callback is invoked whenever the library requires raw bytes from the archive. The read callback should read data into a buffer, set the const void **buffer argument to point to the available data, and return a count of the number of bytes available. The library will invoke the read callback again only after it has consumed this data. The library imposes no constraints on the size of the data blocks returned. On end-of-file, the read callback should return zero. On error, the read callback should invoke Fn archive_set_error to register an error code and message and return -1.

The skip callback is invoked when the library wants to ignore a block of data. The return value is the number of bytes actually skipped, which may differ from the request. If the callback cannot skip data, it should return zero. If the skip callback is not provided (the function pointer is NULL ), the library will invoke the read function instead and simply discard the result. A skip callback can provide significant performance gains when reading uncompressed archives from slow disk drives or other media that can skip quickly.

The close callback is invoked by archive_close when the archive processing is complete. The callback should return ARCHIVE_OK on success. On failure, the callback should invoke Fn archive_set_error to register an error code and message and return ARCHIVE_FATAL.

EXAMPLE

The following illustrates basic usage of the library. In this example, the callback functions are simply wrappers around the standard open(2), read(2), and close(2) system calls.
 void
 list_archive(const char *name)
 {
   struct mydata *mydata;
   struct archive *a;
   struct archive_entry *entry;
 
   mydata = malloc(sizeof(struct mydata));
   a = archive_read_new();
   mydata->name = name;
   archive_read_support_compression_all(a);
   archive_read_support_format_all(a);
   archive_read_open(a, mydata, myopen, myread, myclose);
   while (archive_read_next_header(a, &entry) == ARCHIVE_OK) {
     printf("%s\n",archive_entry_pathname(entry));
     archive_read_data_skip(a);
   }
   archive_read_finish(a);
   free(mydata);
 }
 
 ssize_t
 myread(struct archive *a, void *client_data, const void **buff)
 {
   struct mydata *mydata = client_data;
 
   *buff = mydata->buff;
   return (read(mydata->fd, mydata->buff, 10240));
 }
 
 int
 myopen(struct archive *a, void *client_data)
 {
   struct mydata *mydata = client_data;
 
   mydata->fd = open(mydata->name, O_RDONLY);
   return (mydata->fd >= 0 ? ARCHIVE_OK : ARCHIVE_FATAL);
 }
 
 int
 myclose(struct archive *a, void *client_data)
 {
   struct mydata *mydata = client_data;
 
   if (mydata->fd > 0)
     close(mydata->fd);
   return (ARCHIVE_OK);
 }
 

RETURN VALUES

Most functions return zero on success, non-zero on error. The possible return codes include: ARCHIVE_OK (the operation succeeded), ARCHIVE_WARN (the operation succeeded but a non-critical error was encountered), ARCHIVE_EOF (end-of-archive was encountered), ARCHIVE_RETRY (the operation failed but can be retried), and ARCHIVE_FATAL (there was a fatal error; the archive should be closed immediately). Detailed error codes and textual descriptions are available from the Fn archive_errno and Fn archive_error_string functions.

Fn archive_read_new returns a pointer to a freshly allocated struct archive object. It returns NULL on error.

Fn archive_read_data returns a count of bytes actually read or zero at the end of the entry. On error, a value of ARCHIVE_FATAL ARCHIVE_WARN or ARCHIVE_RETRY is returned and an error code and textual description can be retrieved from the Fn archive_errno and Fn archive_error_string functions.

The library expects the client callbacks to behave similarly. If there is an error, you can use Fn archive_set_error to set an appropriate error code and description, then return one of the non-zero values above. (Note that the value eventually returned to the client may not be the same; many errors that are not critical at the level of basic I/O can prevent the archive from being properly read, thus most I/O errors eventually cause ARCHIVE_FATAL to be returned.)

SEE ALSO

tar(1), archive(3), archive_util3, tar(5)

HISTORY

The libarchive library first appeared in Fx 5.3 .

AUTHORS

An -nosplit The libarchive library was written by An Tim Kientzle Aq kientzle@acm.org .

BUGS

Many traditional archiver programs treat empty files as valid empty archives. For example, many implementations of tar(1) allow you to append entries to an empty file. Of course, it is impossible to determine the format of an empty file by inspecting the contents, so this library treats empty files as having a special ``empty'' format.