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postfix

NAME

postfix - Postfix control program

SYNOPSIS

postfix [-Dv] [-c config_dir] command

DESCRIPTION

This command is reserved for the superuser. To submit mail, use the Postfix sendmail(1) command.

The postfix(1) command controls the operation of the Postfix mail system: start or stop the master(8) daemon, do a health check, and other maintenance.

The postfix(1) command sets up a standardized environment and runs the postfix-script shell script to do the actual work.

The following commands are implemented:

check

Warn about bad directory/file ownership or permissions, and create missing directories.

start

Start the Postfix mail system. This also runs the configuration check described above.

stop

Stop the Postfix mail system in an orderly fashion. If possible, running processes are allowed to terminate at their earliest convenience.

Note: in order to refresh the Postfix mail system after a configuration change, do not use the start and stop commands in succession. Use the reload command instead.

abort

Stop the Postfix mail system abruptly. Running processes are signaled to stop immediately.

flush

Force delivery: attempt to deliver every message in the deferred mail queue. Normally, attempts to deliver delayed mail happen at regular intervals, the interval doubling after each failed attempt.

Warning: flushing undeliverable mail frequently will result in poor delivery performance of all other mail.

reload

Re-read configuration files. Running processes terminate at their earliest convenience.

set-permissions [name=value ...]

Set the ownership and permissions of Postfix related files and directories, as specified in the postfix-files file.

Specify name=value to override and update specific main.cf configuration parameters. Use this, for example, to change the mail_owner or setgid_group setting for an already installed Postfix system.

This feature is available in Postfix 2.1 and later. With Postfix 2.0 and earlier, use "/etc/postfix/post-install set-permissions".

upgrade-configuration [name=value ...]

Update the main.cf and master.cf files with information that Postfix needs in order to run: add or update services, and add or update configuration parameter settings.

Specify name=value to override and update specific main.cf configuration parameters.

This feature is available in Postfix 2.1 and later. With Postfix 2.0 and earlier, use "/etc/postfix/post-install upgrade-configuration".

The following options are implemented:

-c config_dir

Read the main.cf and master.cf configuration files in the named directory instead of the default configuration directory. Use this to distinguish between multiple Postfix instances on the same host.

-D (with postfix start only)

Run each Postfix daemon under control of a debugger as specified via the debugger_command configuration parameter.

-v

Enable verbose logging for debugging purposes. Multiple -v options make the software increasingly verbose.

ENVIRONMENT

The postfix(1) command exports the following environment variables before executing the postfix-script file:

MAIL_CONFIG

This is set when the -c command-line option is present.

MAIL_VERBOSE

This is set when the -v command-line option is present.

MAIL_DEBUG

This is set when the -D command-line option is present.

CONFIGURATION PARAMETERS

The following main.cf configuration parameters are exported as environment variables with the same names:

command_directory (see 'postconf -d' output)

The location of all postfix administrative commands.

daemon_directory (see 'postconf -d' output)

The directory with Postfix support programs and daemon programs.

config_directory (see 'postconf -d' output)

The default location of the Postfix main.cf and master.cf configuration files.

queue_directory (see 'postconf -d' output)

The location of the Postfix top-level queue directory.

mail_owner (postfix)

The UNIX system account that owns the Postfix queue and most Postfix daemon processes.

setgid_group (postdrop)

The group ownership of set-gid Postfix commands and of group-writable Postfix directories.

sendmail_path (see 'postconf -d' output)

A Sendmail compatibility feature that specifies the location of the Postfix sendmail(1) command.

newaliases_path (see 'postconf -d' output)

Sendmail compatibility feature that specifies the location of the newaliases(1) command.

mailq_path (see 'postconf -d' output)

Sendmail compatibility feature that specifies where the Postfix mailq(1) command is installed.

html_directory (see 'postconf -d' output)

The location of Postfix HTML files that describe how to build, configure or operate a specific Postfix subsystem or feature.

manpage_directory (see 'postconf -d' output)

Where the Postfix manual pages are installed.

readme_directory (see 'postconf -d' output)

The location of Postfix README files that describe how to build, configure or operate a specific Postfix subsystem or feature.

Other configuration parameters:

config_directory (see 'postconf -d' output)

The default location of the Postfix main.cf and master.cf configuration files.

import_environment (see 'postconf -d' output)

The list of environment parameters that a Postfix process will import from a non-Postfix parent process.

syslog_facility (mail)

The syslog facility of Postfix logging.

syslog_name (postfix)

The mail system name that is prepended to the process name in syslog records, so that "smtpd" becomes, for example, "postfix/smtpd".

FILES

/etc/postfix/main.cf, Postfix configuration parameters

/etc/postfix/master.cf, Postfix daemon processes

/etc/postfix/postfix-files, file/directory permissions

/etc/postfix/postfix-script, administrative commands

/etc/postfix/post-install, post-installation configuration

 

SEE ALSO

Commands:

postalias(1), create/update/query alias database

postcat(1), examine Postfix queue file

postconf(1), Postfix configuration utility

postfix(1), Postfix control program

postkick(1), trigger Postfix daemon

postlock(1), Postfix-compatible locking

postlog(1), Postfix-compatible logging

postmap(1), Postfix lookup table manager

postqueue(1), Postfix mail queue control

postsuper(1), Postfix housekeeping

mailq(1), Sendmail compatibility interface

newaliases(1), Sendmail compatibility interface

sendmail(1), Sendmail compatibility interface



Postfix configuration:

bounce(5), Postfix bounce message templates

master(5), Postfix master.cf file syntax

postconf(5), Postfix main.cf file syntax



Table-driven mechanisms:

access(5), Postfix SMTP access control table

aliases(5), Postfix alias database

canonical(5), Postfix input address rewriting

generic(5), Postfix output address rewriting

header_checks(5), body_checks(5), Postfix content inspection

relocated(5), Users that have moved

transport(5), Postfix routing table

virtual(5), Postfix virtual aliasing



Table lookup mechanisms:

cidr_table(5), Associate CIDR pattern with value

ldap_table(5), Postfix LDAP client

mysql_table(5), Postfix MYSQL client

nisplus_table(5), Postfix NIS+ client

pcre_table(5), Associate PCRE pattern with value

pgsql_table(5), Postfix PostgreSQL client

regexp_table(5), Associate POSIX regexp pattern with value

tcp_table(5), Postfix client-server table lookup



Daemon processes:

anvil(8), Postfix connection/rate limiting

bounce(8), defer(8), trace(8), Delivery status reports

cleanup(8), canonicalize and enqueue message

discard(8), Postfix discard delivery agent

error(8), Postfix error delivery agent

flush(8), Postfix fast ETRN service

local(8), Postfix local delivery agent

master(8), Postfix master daemon

oqmgr(8), old Postfix queue manager

pickup(8), Postfix local mail pickup

pipe(8), deliver mail to non-Postfix command

proxymap(8), Postfix lookup table proxy server

qmgr(8), Postfix queue manager

qmqpd(8), Postfix QMQP server

scache(8), Postfix connection cache manager

showq(8), list Postfix mail queue

smtp(8), lmtp(8), Postfix SMTP+LMTP client

smtpd(8), Postfix SMTP server

spawn(8), run non-Postfix server

tlsmgr(8), Postfix TLS cache and randomness manager

trivial-rewrite(8), Postfix address rewriting

verify(8), Postfix address verification

virtual(8), Postfix virtual delivery agent



Other:

syslogd(8), system logging

 

README FILES

Use "postconf readme_directory" or "postconf html_directory" to locate this information.

OVERVIEW, overview of Postfix commands and processes

BASIC_CONFIGURATION_README, Postfix basic configuration

ADDRESS_REWRITING_README, Postfix address rewriting

SMTPD_ACCESS_README, SMTP relay/access control

CONTENT_INSPECTION_README, Postfix content inspection

QSHAPE_README, Postfix queue analysis

 

LICENSE

The Secure Mailer license must be distributed with this software.

AUTHOR(S)

Wietse Venema

IBM T.J. Watson Research

P.O. Box 704

Yorktown Heights, NY 10598, USA



TLS support by:

Lutz Jaenicke

Brandenburg University of Technology

Cottbus, Germany



Victor Duchovni

Morgan Stanley



SASL support originally by:

Till Franke

SuSE Rhein/Main AG

65760 Eschborn, Germany



LMTP support originally by:

Philip A. Prindeville

Mirapoint, Inc.

USA.



Amos Gouaux

University of Texas at Dallas

P.O. Box 830688, MC34

Richardson, TX 75083, USA



IPv6 support originally by:

Mark Huizer, Eindhoven University, The Netherlands

Jun-ichiro 'itojun' Hagino, KAME project, Japan

The Linux PLD project

Dean Strik, Eindhoven University, The Netherlands