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Version: 2005-05-17 (openSuse - 09/10/07)

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8 (Commandes administrateur)

Section: 2 (Appels système)

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- sys_clone
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clone - »Ò¥×¥í¥»¥¹¤òºîÀ®¤¹¤ë

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#include <sched.h>



int clone(int (*fn)(void *), void *child_stack,

          int flags, void *arg, ... 

          /* pid_t *pid, struct user_desc *tls, pid_t *ctid */ );



_syscall2(int, clone, int, flags, void *, child_stack)



_syscall5(int, clone, int, flags, void *, child_stack,

     int *, parent_tidptr, struct user_desc *, newtls,

     int *, child_tidptr)

        /* Using syscall(2) may be preferable; see intro(2) */

ÀâÌÀ

clone() ¤Ï fork(2) ¤ÈÆ±¤¸¤è¤¦¤ÊÊýË¡¤Ç¿·¤·¤¤¥×¥í¥»¥¹¤òºîÀ®¤¹¤ë¡£ clone() ¤Ë¤Ï¡¢¥é¥¤¥Ö¥é¥ê´Ø¿ô¤È¤½¤Î²¼ÁØ¤Ë¤¢¤¿¤ë clone() ¥·¥¹¥Æ¥à¥³¡¼¥ë¤¬Â¸ºß¤¹¤ë¡£°Ê²¼¤ÎÀâÌÀ¤Ç¤Ï¡¢¥·¥¹¥Æ¥à¥³¡¼¥ë¤ÎÊý¤ò sys_clone ¤ÈÉ½¤¹¤³¤È¤È¤¹¤ë¡£ sys_clone ¤Ë´Ø¤¹¤ëÀâÌÀ¤Ï¤³¤Î¥Þ¥Ë¥å¥¢¥ë¤ÎºÇ¸å¤ÎÊý¤Ë¤¢¤ë¡£

clone() ¤Ç»Ò¥×¥í¥»¥¹¤¬ºîÀ®¤µ¤ì¤¿»þ¤Ë¡¢ºîÀ®¤µ¤ì¤¿»Ò¥×¥í¥»¥¹¤Ï´Ø¿ô fn(arg) ¤ò¼Â¹Ô¤¹¤ë¡£ (¤³¤ÎÅÀ¤¬ fork(2) ¤È¤Ï°Û¤Ê¤ë¡£ fork(2) ¤Î¾ì¹ç¡¢»Ò¥×¥í¥»¥¹¤Ï fork(2) ¤¬¸Æ¤Ó½Ð¤µ¤ì¤¿¾ì½ê¤«¤é¼Â¹Ô¤òÂ³¤±¤ë¡£) fn °ú¤¿ô¤Ï¡¢»Ò¥×¥í¥»¥¹¤¬¼Â¹Ô¤ò»Ï¤á¤ë»þ¤Ë»Ò¥×¥í¥»¥¹¤¬¸Æ¤Ó½Ð¤¹ ´Ø¿ô¤Ø¤Î¥Ý¥¤¥ó¥¿¤Ç¤¢¤ë¡£ arg °ú¤¿ô¤Ï¤½¤Î¤Þ¤Þ fn ´Ø¿ô¤Ø¤ÈÅÏ¤µ¤ì¤ë¡£

fn(arg) ´Ø¿ô¤¬½ªÎ»¤¹¤ë¤È¡¢»Ò¥×¥í¥»¥¹¤Ï½ªÎ»¤¹¤ë¡£ fn ¤Ë¤è¤Ã¤ÆÊÖ¤µ¤ì¤¿À°¿ô¤¬»Ò¥×¥í¥»¥¹¤Î½ªÎ»¥³¡¼¥É¤È¤Ê¤ë¡£ »Ò¥×¥í¥»¥¹¤Ï¡¢ exit(2) ¤ò¸Æ¤ó¤ÇÌÀ¼¨Åª¤Ë½ªÎ»¤¹¤ë¤³¤È¤â¤¢¤ë¤·¡¢Ã×Ì¿Åª¤Ê¥·¥°¥Ê¥ë¤ò¼õ¿®¤·¤¿ ¾ì¹ç¤Ë½ªÎ»¤¹¤ë¤³¤È¤â¤¢¤ë¡£

child_stack °ú¤¿ô¤Ï¡¢»Ò¥×¥í¥»¥¹¤Ë¤è¤Ã¤Æ»ÈÍÑ¤µ¤ì¤ë¥¹¥¿¥Ã¥¯¤Î°ÌÃÖ¤ò»ØÄê¤¹¤ë¡£ »Ò¥×¥í¥»¥¹¤È¸Æ¤Ó½Ð¤·¸µ¤Î¥×¥í¥»¥¹¤Ï¥á¥â¥ê¤ò¶¦Í¤¹¤ë¤³¤È¤¬¤¢¤ë¤¿¤á¡¢ »Ò¥×¥í¥»¥¹¤Ï¸Æ¤Ó½Ð¤·¸µ¤Î¥×¥í¥»¥¹¤ÈÆ±¤¸¥¹¥¿¥Ã¥¯¤Ç¼Â¹Ô¤¹¤ë¤³¤È¤¬¤Ç¤¤Ê¤¤¡£ ¤³¤Î¤¿¤á¡¢¸Æ¤Ó½Ð¤·¸µ¤Î¥×¥í¥»¥¹¤Ï»Ò¥×¥í¥»¥¹¤Î¥¹¥¿¥Ã¥¯¤Î¤¿¤á¤Î¥á¥â¥ê¶õ´Ö¤ò ÍÑ°Õ¤·¤Æ¡¢¤³¤Î¶õ´Ö¤Ø¤Î¥Ý¥¤¥ó¥¿¤ò clone() ¤ØÅÏ¤µ¤Ê¤±¤ì¤Ð¤Ê¤é¤Ê¤¤¡£ (HP PA ¥×¥í¥»¥Ã¥µ°Ê³°¤Î) Linux ¤¬Æ°ºî¤¹¤ëÁ´¤Æ¤Î¥×¥í¥»¥Ã¥µ¤Ç¤Ï¡¢ ¥¹¥¿¥Ã¥¯¤Ï²¼Êý (¥¢¥É¥ì¥¹¤¬¾®¤µ¤¤Êý¸þ) ¤Ø¤È¿¤Ó¤ë¡£¤³¤Î¤¿¤á¡¢ÉáÄÌ¤Ï child_stack ¤Ï»Ò¥×¥í¥»¥¹¤Î¥¹¥¿¥Ã¥¯¤Î¤¿¤á¤ËÍÑ°Õ¤·¤¿¥á¥â¥ê¶õ´Ö¤Î°ìÈÖÂç¤¤¤ ¥¢¥É¥ì¥¹¤ò»Ø¤¹¤è¤¦¤Ë¤¹¤ë¡£

flags ¤Î²¼°Ì 1 ¥Ð¥¤¥È¤Ï»Ò¥×¥í¥»¥¹¤¬»à¤ó¤À¾ì¹ç¤Ë¿Æ¥×¥í¥»¥¹¤Ø¤ÈÁ÷¤é¤ì¤ë ½ªÎ»¥·¥°¥Ê¥ë (termination signal) ¤ÎÈÖ¹æ¤ò»ØÄê¤¹¤ë¡£¤³¤Î¥·¥°¥Ê¥ë¤È¤·¤Æ SIGCHLD °Ê³°¤¬»ØÄê¤µ¤ì¤¿¾ì¹ç¡¢¿Æ¥×¥í¥»¥¹¤Ï¡¢ wait(2) ¤Ç»Ò¥×¥í¥»¥¹¤òÂÔ¤ÄºÝ¤Ë¡¢¥ª¥×¥·¥ç¥ó¤È¤·¤Æ __WALL ¤Þ¤¿¤Ï __WCLONE ¤ò»ØÄê¤·¤Ê¤±¤ì¤Ð¤Ê¤é¤Ê¤¤¡£ ¤É¤Î¥·¥°¥Ê¥ë¤â»ØÄê¤µ¤ì¤Ê¤«¤Ã¤¿¾ì¹ç¡¢»Ò¥×¥í¥»¥¹¤¬½ªÎ»¤·¤¿»þ¤Ë¿Æ¥×¥í¥»¥¹ ¤Ë¥·¥°¥Ê¥ë¤ÏÁ÷¤é¤ì¤Ê¤¤¡£

CLONE_PARENT (Linux 2.3.12 °Ê¹ß)

CLONE_PARENT ¤¬ÀßÄê¤µ¤ì¤¿¾ì¹ç¡¢¿·¤·¤¤»Ò¶¡¤Î (getppid(2) ¤ÇÊÖ¤µ¤ì¤ë) ¿Æ¥×¥í¥»¥¹¤Ï¸Æ¤Ó½Ð¤·¸µ¤Î¥×¥í¥»¥¹¤Î¿Æ¥×¥í¥»¥¹¤ÈÆ±¤¸¤Ë¤Ê¤ë¡£

CLONE_PARENT ¤¬ÀßÄê¤µ¤ì¤Æ¤¤¤Ê¤¤¾ì¹ç¡¢ (fork(2) ¤ÈÆ±ÍÍ¤Ë) ¸Æ¤Ó½Ð¤·¸µ¤Î¥×¥í¥»¥¹¤¬¤½¤Î»Ò¶¡¤Î¿Æ¤Ë¤Ê¤ë¡£

»Ò¶¡¤¬½ªÎ»¤·¤¿»þ¤Ë¥·¥°¥Ê¥ë¤¬Á÷¤é¤ì¤ë¤Î¤Ï getppid(2) ¤¬ÊÖ¤¹¿Æ¥×¥í¥»¥¹¤Ç¤¢¤ëÅÀ¤ËÃí°Õ¤¹¤ë¤³¤È¡£¤³¤Î¤¿¤á CLONE_PARENT ¤¬ÀßÄê¤µ¤ì¤¿¾ì¹ç¡¢¸Æ¤Ó½Ð¤·¸µ¤Î¥×¥í¥»¥¹¤Ç¤Ï¤Ê¤¯¸Æ¤Ó½Ð¤·¸µ¤Î¥×¥í¥»¥¹¤Î ¿Æ¥×¥í¥»¥¹¤Ë¥·¥°¥Ê¥ë¤¬Á÷¤é¤ì¤ë¡£

CLONE_FS

CLONE_FS ¤¬ÀßÄê¤µ¤ì¤¿¾ì¹ç¡¢¸Æ¤Ó½Ð¤·¸µ¤Î¥×¥í¥»¥¹¤È»Ò¥×¥í¥»¥¹¤¬Æ±¤¸¥Õ¥¡¥¤¥ë¡¦¥·¥¹¥Æ¥à ¾ðÊó¤ò¶¦Í¤¹¤ë¡£¥Õ¥¡¥¤¥ë¡¦¥·¥¹¥Æ¥à¾ðÊó¤Ï¡¢¥Õ¥¡¥¤¥ë¡¦¥·¥¹¥Æ¥à¤Î¥ë¡¼¥È (root)¡¢ ¥«¥ì¥ó¥È¡¦¥ï¡¼¥¥ó¥°¡¦¥Ç¥£¥ì¥¯¥È¥ê (current working directory) ¤ä umask ¤Ê¤É¤Ç¤¢¤ë¡£ ¸Æ¤Ó½Ð¤·¸µ¤Î¥×¥í¥»¥¹¤ä»Ò¥×¥í¥»¥¹¤Î¤É¤Á¤é¤«°ìÊý¤Ë¤è¤Ã¤Æ chroot(2), chdir(2), umask(2) ¤¬¸Æ¤Ó½Ð¤µ¤ì¤ë¤È¡¢¤â¤¦°ìÊý¤Î¥×¥í¥»¥¹¤Ë¤â±Æ¶Á¤¬µÚ¤Ö¡£

CLONE_FS ¤¬ÀßÄê¤µ¤ì¤Æ¤¤¤Ê¤¤¾ì¹ç¡¢»Ò¥×¥í¥»¥¹¤Ï¡¢ clone() ¤¬¼Â¹Ô¤µ¤ì¤¿»þÅÀ¤Ç¤Î¡¢¸Æ¤Ó½Ð¤·¸µ¤Î¥×¥í¥»¥¹¤Î¥Õ¥¡¥¤¥ë¡¦¥·¥¹¥Æ¥à¾ðÊó¤Î¥³¥Ô¡¼¤ò »ÈÍÑ¤¹¤ë¡£ ¤³¤ì°Ê¹ß¤Ï¡¢¸Æ¤Ó½Ð¤·¸µ¤Î¥×¥í¥»¥¹¤È»Ò¥×¥í¥»¥¹¤Î°ìÊý¤¬ chroot(2), chdir(2), umask(2) ¤ò¸Æ¤Ó½Ð¤·¤Æ¤â¡¢¤â¤¦°ìÊý¤Î¥×¥í¥»¥¹¤Ë¤Ï±Æ¶Á¤òÍ¿¤¨¤Ê¤¤¡£

CLONE_FILES

CLONE_FILES ¤¬ÀßÄê¤µ¤ì¤¿¾ì¹ç¡¢¸Æ¤Ó½Ð¤·¸µ¤Î¥×¥í¥»¥¹¤È»Ò¥×¥í¥»¥¹¤Ï¥Õ¥¡¥¤¥ë¥Ç¥£¥¹¥¯¥ê¥×¥¿¤Î ¥Æ¡¼¥Ö¥ë¤ò¶¦Í¤¹¤ë¡£ ¸Æ¤Ó½Ð¤·¸µ¥×¥í¥»¥¹¤È¤½¤Î»Ò¥×¥í¥»¥¹¤Î°ìÊý¤¬ºîÀ®¤·¤¿ ¥Õ¥¡¥¤¥ë¥Ç¥£¥¹¥¯¥ê¥×¥¿¤Ï¡¢¤â¤¦°ìÊý¤Ë¤ª¤¤¤Æ¤âÍ¸ú¤Ç¤¢¤ë¡£ Æ±¤¸¤è¤¦¤Ë¡¢°ìÊý¤Î¥×¥í¥»¥¹¤¬¥Õ¥¡¥¤¥ë¥Ç¥£¥¹¥¯¥ê¥×¥¿¤òÊÄ¤¸¤¿¤ê¡¢ (fcntl(2) F_SETFD Áàºî¤ò»È¤Ã¤Æ) ¥Ç¥£¥¹¥¯¥ê¥×¥¿¤Ë´ØÏ¢¤¹¤ë¥Õ¥é¥°¤òÊÑ¹¹¤·¤¿¤ê¤¹¤ë¤È¡¢ ¤â¤¦°ìÊý¤Î¥×¥í¥»¥¹¤Ë¤â±Æ¶Á¤¹¤ë¡£

CLONE_FILES ¤¬ÀßÄê¤µ¤ì¤Æ¤¤¤Ê¤¤¾ì¹ç¡¢»Ò¥×¥í¥»¥¹¤Ï¡¢ clone() ¤¬¼Â¹Ô¤µ¤ì¤¿»þÅÀ¤Ç¡¢¸Æ¤Ó½Ð¤·¸µ¤Î¥×¥í¥»¥¹¤¬¥ª¡¼¥×¥ó¤·¤Æ¤¤¤ëÁ´¤Æ¤Î ¥Õ¥¡¥¤¥ë¥Ç¥£¥¹¥¯¥ê¥×¥¿¤Î¥³¥Ô¡¼¤ò·Ñ¾µ¤¹¤ë (»Ò¥×¥í¥»¥¹¤ÎÊ£À½¤µ¤ì¤¿¥Õ¥¡¥¤¥ë¥Ç¥£¥¹¥¯¥ê¥×¥¿¤Ï¡¢ ÂÐ±þ¤¹¤ë¸Æ¤Ó½Ð¤·¸µ¤Î¥×¥í¥»¥¹¤Î¥Õ¥¡¥¤¥ë¥Ç¥£¥¹¥¯¥ê¥×¥¿¤È Æ±¤¸¥Õ¥¡¥¤¥ëµ½Ò (open(2) »²¾È) ¤ò»²¾È¤¹¤ë)¡£ ¤³¤ì°Ê¹ß¤Ë¡¢¸Æ¤Ó½Ð¤·¸µ¤Î¥×¥í¥»¥¹¤È»Ò¥×¥í¥»¥¹¤Î°ìÊý¤¬ ¥Õ¥¡¥¤¥ë¥Ç¥£¥¹¥¯¥ê¥×¥¿¤ÎÁàºî (¥Õ¥¡¥¤¥ë¥Ç¥£¥¹¥¯¥ê¥×¥¿¤Î ¥ª¡¼¥×¥ó¡¦¥¯¥í¡¼¥º¤ä¡¢¥Õ¥¡¥¤¥ë¥Ç¥£¥¹¥¯¥ê¥×¥¿¡¦¥Õ¥é¥°¤ÎÊÑ¹¹) ¤ò¹Ô¤Ã¤Æ¤â¡¢¤â¤¦°ìÊý¤Î¥×¥í¥»¥¹¤Ë¤Ï±Æ¶Á¤òÍ¿¤¨¤Ê¤¤¡£

CLONE_NEWNS (Linux 2.4.19 °Ê¹ß)

»Ò¥×¥í¥»¥¹¤ò¿·¤·¤¤Ì¾Á°¶õ´Ö (namespace) ¤Ç³«»Ï¤¹¤ë¡£

³Æ¡¹¤Î¥×¥í¥»¥¹¤Ï°ì¤Ä¤ÎÌ¾Á°¶õ´ÖÃæ¤ËÂ¸ºß¤¹¤ë¡£¥×¥í¥»¥¹¤Î Ì¾Á°¶õ´Ö (namespace) ¤Ï¡¢¤½¤Î¥×¥í¥»¥¹¤«¤é¸«¤¨¤ë¥Õ¥¡¥¤¥ë³¬ÁØ¤òÉ½¤¹¥Ç¡¼¥¿ (mount ¤Î½¸¹ç) ¤Ç¤¢¤ë¡£ CLONE_NEWNS ¥Õ¥é¥°¤¬¥»¥Ã¥È¤µ¤ì¤º¤Ë fork(2) ¤« clone(2) ¤¬¸Æ¤Ð¤ì¤ë¤È¡¢»Ò¥×¥í¥»¥¹¤Ï¿Æ¥×¥í¥»¥¹¤ÈÆ±¤¸Ì¾Á°¶õ´Ö¤ËºîÀ®¤µ¤ì¤ë¡£ ¥·¥¹¥Æ¥à¥³¡¼¥ë mount(2)¡¢ umount(2) ¤¬¸Æ¤Ð¤ì¤ë¤È¸Æ¤Ó½Ð¤·¸µ¤Î¥×¥í¥»¥¹¤ÎÌ¾Á°¶õ´Ö¤¬ÊÑ¹¹¤µ¤ì¡¢¤³¤Î·ë²Ì ¸Æ¤Ó½Ð¤·¸µ¤Î¥×¥í¥»¥¹¤ÈÆ±¤¸Ì¾Á°¶õ´Ö¤Ë¤¤¤ë¥×¥í¥»¥¹¤Ï¤¹¤Ù¤Æ±Æ¶Á¤ò¼õ¤±¤ë¤¬¡¢ °Û¤Ê¤ëÌ¾Á°¶õ´Ö¤Ë¤¤¤ë¥×¥í¥»¥¹¤Ï±Æ¶Á¤ò¼õ¤±¤Ê¤¤¡£

CLONE_NEWNS ¥Õ¥é¥°¤¬¥»¥Ã¥È¤µ¤ì¤Æ clone(2) ¤¬¸Æ¤Ð¤ì¤ë¤È¡¢clone ¤ÇºîÀ®¤µ¤ì¤¿»Ò¥×¥í¥»¥¹¤Ï¿·¤·¤¤Ì¾Á°¶õ´Ö¤Ç³«»Ï¤µ¤ì¤ë¡£ ¿·¤·¤¤Ì¾Á°¶õ´Ö¤Ï¿Æ¥×¥í¥»¥¹¤ÎÌ¾Á°¶õ´Ö¤Î¥³¥Ô¡¼¤Ç½é´ü²½¤µ¤ì¤ë¡£

ÆÃ¸¢¥×¥í¥»¥¹ (CAP_SYS_ADMIN ¥±¡¼¥Ñ¥Ó¥ê¥Æ¥£¤ò»ý¤Ä¥×¥í¥»¥¹) ¤Î¤ß¤¬ CLONE_NEWNS ¥Õ¥é¥°¤ò»ØÄê¤¹¤ë¤³¤È¤¬¤Ç¤¤ë¡£ °ì¤Ä¤Î clone() ¸Æ¤Ó½Ð¤·¤Ç¡¢ CLONE_NEWNS ¤È CLONE_FS ¤ÎÎ¾Êý¤ò»ØÄê¤¹¤ë¤³¤È¤Ï¤Ç¤¤Ê¤¤¡£

CLONE_SIGHAND

CLONE_SIGHAND ¤¬ÀßÄê¤µ¤ì¤¿¾ì¹ç¡¢¸Æ¤Ó½Ð¤·¸µ¤Î¥×¥í¥»¥¹¤È»Ò¥×¥í¥»¥¹¤ÏÆ±¤¸¥·¥°¥Ê¥ë¡¦¥Ï¥ó ¥É¥é¤Î¥Æ¡¼¥Ö¥ë¤ò¶¦Í¤¹¤ë¡£¸Æ¤Ó½Ð¤·¸µ¤Î¥×¥í¥»¥¹¤Þ¤¿¤Ï»Ò¥×¥í¥»¥¹¤Î¤É¤Á¤é¤«¤¬ sigaction(2) ¤ò¸Æ¤Ó½Ð¤·¤Æ¥·¥°¥Ê¥ë¤ËÂÐ±þ¤¹¤ëÆ°ºî¤òÊÑ¹¹¤·¤¿¾ì¹ç¡¢ ¤â¤¦°ìÊý¤Î¥×¥í¥»¥¹¤Î¥·¥°¥Ê¥ëÆ°ºî¤âÊÑ¹¹¤µ¤ì¤ë¡£ Ã¢¤·¡¢¸Æ¤Ó½Ð¤·¸µ¤Î¥×¥í¥»¥¹¤È»Ò¥×¥í¥»¥¹¤Ï¡¢ ¥×¥í¥»¥¹Ëè¤Ë¡¢¥·¥°¥Ê¥ë¡¦¥Þ¥¹¥¯ (signal mask) ¤È½èÍýÂÔ¤Á¥·¥°¥Ê¥ë¤Î½¸¹ç ¤ò»ý¤Ã¤Æ¤¤¤ë¡£¤³¤Î¤¿¤á¡¢¤¢¤ë¥×¥í¥»¥¹¤Ï¡¢ sigprocmask(2) ¤ò»ÈÍÑ¤·¤Æ¡¢¤â¤¦°ìÊý¤Î¥×¥í¥»¥¹¤Ë±Æ¶Á¤òÍ¿¤¨¤º¤Ë ¥·¥°¥Ê¥ë¤ò¶Ø»ß (block) ¤·¤¿¤êµö²Ä (unblock) ¤·¤¿¤ê¤Ç¤¤ë¡£

CLONE_SIGHAND ¤¬ÀßÄê¤µ¤ì¤Æ¤¤¤Ê¤¤¾ì¹ç¡¢»Ò¥×¥í¥»¥¹¤Ï clone() ¤¬¼Â¹Ô¤µ¤ì¤¿»þÅÀ¤Ç¤Î¡¢¸Æ¤Ó½Ð¤·¸µ¤Î¥×¥í¥»¥¹¤Î¥·¥°¥Ê¥ë¡¦¥Ï¥ó¥É¥é¤Î ¥³¥Ô¡¼¤ò·Ñ¾µ¤¹¤ë¡£¤³¤ì°Ê¹ß¤Ï¡¢°ìÊý¤Î¥×¥í¥»¥¹¤¬ sigaction(2) ¤ò¸Æ¤Ó½Ð¤·¤Æ¤â¡¢¤â¤¦°ìÊý¤Î¥×¥í¥»¥¹¤Ë¤Ï±Æ¶Á¤òÍ¿¤¨¤Ê¤¤¡£

Linux 2.6.0-test6 °Ê¹ß¤Ç¤Ï¡¢ CLONE_SIGHAND ¤ò»ØÄê¤¹¤ë¾ì¹ç¡¢ CLONE_VM ¤â flags ¤Ë´Þ¤á¤Ê¤±¤ì¤Ð¤Ê¤é¤Ê¤¤¡£

CLONE_PTRACE

CLONE_PTRACE ¤¬»ØÄê¤µ¤ì¡¢¤«¤Ä¸Æ¤Ó½Ð¤·¸µ¤Î¥×¥í¥»¥¹¤¬ÄÉÀ× (trace) ¤µ¤ì¤Æ¤¤¤¿¾ì¹ç¡¢»Ò¥×¥í¥»¥¹¤â Æ±ÍÍ¤ËÄÉÀ×¤µ¤ì¤ë¡£ (ptrace(2) ¤ò»²¾È¤Î¤³¤È)

CLONE_UNTRACED (Linux 2.5.46 °Ê¹ß)

CLONE_UNTRACED ¤¬»ØÄê¤µ¤ì¤ë¤È¡¢ trace ¤ò¹Ô¤Ã¤Æ¤¤¤ë¥×¥í¥»¥¹¤Ï ¤³¤Î»Ò¥×¥í¥»¥¹¤Ë CLONE_PTRACE ¤òÅ¬ÍÑ¤¹¤ë¤³¤È¤¬¤Ç¤¤Ê¤¤¡£

CLONE_STOPPED (Linux 2.6.0-test2 °Ê¹ß)

CLONE_STOPPED ¤¬ÀßÄê¤µ¤ì¤ë¤È¡¢»Ò¥×¥í¥»¥¹¤ÏºÇ½é (SIGSTOP ¥·¥°¥Ê¥ë¤òÁ÷¤é¤ì¤¿¤«¤Î¤è¤¦¤Ë) Ää»ß¤·¤¿¾õÂÖ¤È¤Ê¤ë¡£ »Ò¥×¥í¥»¥¹¤òºÆ³«¤µ¤»¤ë¤Ë¤Ï SIGCONT ¥·¥°¥Ê¥ë¤òÁ÷¿®¤·¤Ê¤±¤ì¤Ð¤Ê¤é¤Ê¤¤¡£

CLONE_VFORK

CLONE_VFORK ¤¬ÀßÄê¤µ¤ì¤¿¾ì¹ç¡¢ (vfork(2) ¤ÈÆ±ÍÍ¤Ë) »Ò¥×¥í¥»¥¹¤¬ execve(2) ¤Þ¤¿¤Ï _exit(2) ¤Ë¤è¤Ã¤Æ²¾ÁÛ¥á¥â¥ê¤ò²òÊü¤¹¤ë¤Þ¤Ç¡¢¸Æ¤Ó½Ð¤·¸µ¤Î¥×¥í¥»¥¹¤Î¼Â¹Ô¤ÏÄä»ß¤µ¤ì¤ë¡£

CLONE_VFORK ¤¬ÀßÄê¤µ¤ì¤Æ¤¤¤Ê¤¤¾ì¹ç¡¢ clone() ¸Æ¤Ó½Ð¤·¸å¤Ï¡¢¸Æ¤Ó½Ð¤·¸µ¤Î¥×¥í¥»¥¹¤È»Ò¥×¥í¥»¥¹¤Î Î¾Êý¤¬¥¹¥±¥¸¥å¡¼¥ëÂÐ¾Ý¤È¤Ê¤ê¡¢¥¢¥×¥ê¥±¡¼¥·¥ç¥ó¤Ï¤³¤ì¤é¤Î¥×¥í¥»¥¹¤Î ¼Â¹Ô½ç½ø¤Ë°ÍÂ¸¤·¤Ê¤¤¤è¤¦¤Ë¤¹¤Ù¤¤Ç¤¢¤ë¡£

CLONE_VM

CLONE_VM ¤¬ÀßÄê¤µ¤ì¤Æ¤¤¤Ê¤¤¾ì¹ç¡¢»Ò¥×¥í¥»¥¹¤Ï clone() ¤¬¼Â¹Ô¤µ¤ì¤¿»þÅÀ¤Ç¤Î¡¢¿Æ¥×¥í¥»¥¹¤Î¥á¥â¥ê¶õ´Ö¤ò¥³¥Ô¡¼¤·¤¿ ÊÌ¤Î¥á¥â¥ê¶õ´Ö¤Ç¼Â¹Ô¤µ¤ì¤ë¡£ °ìÊý¤Î¥×¥í¥»¥¹¤¬¹Ô¤Ã¤¿¥á¥â¥ê¤Ø¤Î½ñ¤¹þ¤ß¤ä ¥Õ¥¡¥¤¥ë¤Î¥Þ¥Ã¥×/¥¢¥ó¥Þ¥Ã¥×¤Ï¡¢ fork(2) ¤Î¾ì¹ç¤ÈÆ±ÍÍ¡¢¤â¤¦°ìÊý¤Î¥×¥í¥»¥¹¤Ë¤Ï±Æ¶Á¤·¤Ê¤¤¡£

CLONE_PID(ÇÑ»ß)

CLONE_PID ¤¬ÀßÄê¤µ¤ì¤¿¾ì¹ç¡¢»Ò¥×¥í¥»¥¹¤Ï¸Æ¤Ó½Ð¤·¸µ¤Î¥×¥í¥»¥¹¤ÈÆ±¤¸¥×¥í¥»¥¹ ID ¤ÇºîÀ®¤µ¤ì¤ë¡£¤³¤ì¤Ï¥·¥¹¥Æ¥à¤ò¥Ï¥Ã¥¥ó¥°¤¹¤ë¤Î¤Ë¤ÏÊØÍø¤À¤¬¡¢ ¤½¤ì°Ê³°¤Ë¤Ï¤¢¤Þ¤ê»È¤ï¤ì¤Ê¤¤¡£ Linux 2.3.21 °Ê¹ß¤Ç¤Ï¡¢ ¥·¥¹¥Æ¥à¤Î¥Ö¡¼¥È¥×¥í¥»¥¹ (PID 0) ¤À¤±¤¬¤³¤Î¥Õ¥é¥°¤ò»ØÄê¤Ç¤¤ë¡£ Linux 2.5.16 ¤Çºï½ü¤µ¤ì¤¿¡£

CLONE_THREAD (Linux 2.4.0-test8°Ê¹ß)

CLONE_THREAD ¤¬ÀßÄê¤µ¤ì¤¿¾ì¹ç¡¢»Ò¥×¥í¥»¥¹¤Ï¸Æ¤Ó½Ð¤·¸µ¤Î¥×¥í¥»¥¹¤ÈÆ±¤¸¥¹¥ì¥Ã¥É¡¦¥°¥ë¡¼¥×¤Ë ÃÖ¤«¤ì¤ë¡£ CLONE_THREAD ¤Ë¤Ä¤¤¤Æ¤Î°Ê¹ß¤ÎµÄÏÀ¤òÆÉ¤ß¤ä¤¹¤¯¤¹¤ë¤¿¤á¡¢ ¡Ö¥¹¥ì¥Ã¥É¡×¤È¤¤¤¦ÍÑ¸ì¤Ï¥¹¥ì¥Ã¥É¡¦¥°¥ë¡¼¥×¤ÎÃæ¤Î¥×¥í¥»¥¹¤ò »²¾È¤¹¤ë¤Î¤Ë»È¤¦¤³¤È¤È¤¹¤ë¡£

¥¹¥ì¥Ã¥É¡¦¥°¥ë¡¼¥×¤Ï¡¢ ¥¹¥ì¥Ã¥É½¸¹ç¤Ç°ì¤Ä¤Î PID ¤ò¶¦Í¤¹¤ë¤È¤¤¤¦ POSIX ¥¹¥ì¥Ã¥É¤Î³µÇ°¤ò¥µ¥Ý¡¼¥È¤¹¤ë¤¿¤á¤Ë Linux 2.4 ¤Ë²Ã¤¨¤é¤ì¤¿µ¡Ç½¤Ç¤¢¤Ã¤¿¡£ ÆâÉôÅª¤Ë¤Ï¡¢¤³¤Î¶¦Í PID ¤Ï¤¤¤ï¤æ¤ë¤½¤Î¥¹¥ì¥Ã¥É¥°¥ë¡¼¥×¤Î ¥¹¥ì¥Ã¥É¡¦¥°¥ë¡¼¥×¼±ÊÌ»Ò (TGID) ¤Ç¤¢¤ë¡£ Linux 2.4 °Ê¹ß¤Ç¤Ï¡¢ getpid(2) ¤Î¸Æ¤Ó½Ð¤·¤Ç¤Ï¤½¤Î¥×¥í¥»¥¹¤Î¥¹¥ì¥Ã¥É¡¦¥°¥ë¡¼¥× ID ¤òÊÖ¤¹¡£

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¥¹¥ì¥Ã¥É¡¦¥°¥ë¡¼¥×¤ËÂ°¤¹¤¤¤º¤ì¤«¤Î¥¹¥ì¥Ã¥É¤¬ execve(2) ¤ò¼Â¹Ô¤¹¤ë¤È¡¢¥¹¥ì¥Ã¥É¡¦¥°¥ë¡¼¥×¡¦¥ê¡¼¥À¡¼°Ê³°¤ÎÁ´¤Æ¤Î¥¹¥ì¥Ã¥É¤Ï ½ªÎ»¤µ¤ì¡¢¿·¤·¤¤¥×¥í¥»¥¹¤¬¤½¤Î¥¹¥ì¥Ã¥É¡¦¥°¥ë¡¼¥×¡¦¥ê¡¼¥À¡¼¤Î²¼¤Ç ¼Â¹Ô¤µ¤ì¤ë¡£

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¥·¥°¥Ê¥ë¤ÎÇÛÁ÷¤È½èÍý¤Ï¥×¥í¥»¥¹Á´ÂÎ¤Ë±Æ¶Á¤¹¤ë: ¥Ï¥ó¥É¥é¤òÀßÄê¤·¤Æ¤¤¤Ê¤¤¥·¥°¥Ê¥ë¤¬¤¢¤ë¥¹¥ì¥Ã¥É¤ËÇÛÁ÷¤µ¤ì¤ë¤È¡¢ ¤½¤Î¥·¥°¥Ê¥ë¤Ï¥¹¥ì¥Ã¥É¡¦¥°¥ë¡¼¥×¤ÎÁ´¥á¥ó¥Ð¡¼¤Ë±Æ¶Á¤òµÚ¤Ü¤¹ (½ªÎ»¤·¤¿¤ê¡¢Ää»ß¤·¤¿¤ê¡¢Æ°ºî¤ò·ÑÂ³¤·¤¿¤ê¡¢Ìµ»ë¤µ¤ì¤¿¤ê¤¹¤ë)¡£

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kill(2) ¤ò»È¤Ã¤Æ¥¹¥ì¥Ã¥É¡¦¥°¥ë¡¼¥×¤Ë¥·¥°¥Ê¥ë¤¬Á÷¤é¤ì¤¿¾ì¹ç¤Ç¡¢ ¤½¤Î¥¹¥ì¥Ã¥É¡¦¥°¥ë¡¼¥×¤¬¤½¤Î¥·¥°¥Ê¥ë¤ËÂÐ¤¹¤ë¥·¥°¥Ê¥ë¡¦¥Ï¥ó¥É¥é¤¬ ÅÐÏ¿¤µ¤ì¤Æ¤¤¤¿¤È¤¤Ë¤Ï¡¢¥·¥°¥Ê¥ë¡¦¥Ï¥ó¥É¥é¤Ï¥¹¥ì¥Ã¥É¡¦¥°¥ë¡¼¥×¤Î ¥á¥ó¥Ð¡¼¤Î¤¦¤Á¡¢¤¿¤À°ì¤Ä¤Î¥¹¥ì¥Ã¥É¤Ç¤À¤±µ¯Æ°¤µ¤ì¤ë¡£¥Ï¥ó¥É¥é¤¬ µ¯Æ°¤µ¤ì¤ë¥¹¥ì¥Ã¥É¤Ï¡¢¤½¤Î¥·¥°¥Ê¥ë¤ò¶Ø»ß (block) ¤·¤Æ¤¤¤Ê¤¤ ¥á¥ó¥Ð¡¼¤ÎÃæ¤«¤é°ì¤Ä¤À¤±¤¬¾¡¼ê¤Ë (arbitrarily) Áª¤Ð¤ì¤ë¡£ ¥¹¥ì¥Ã¥É¡¦¥°¥ë¡¼¥×¤ËÂ°¤¹Ê£¿ô¤Î¥¹¥ì¥Ã¥É¤¬ sigwaitinfo(2) ¤ò»È¤Ã¤ÆÆ±¤¸¥·¥°¥Ê¥ë¤òÂÔ¤Ã¤Æ¤¤¤ë¾ì¹ç¡¢ ¤³¤ì¤é¤Î¥¹¥ì¥Ã¥É¤ÎÃæ¤«¤é°ì¤Ä¤ò¥«¡¼¥Í¥ë¤¬¾¡¼ê¤ËÁªÂò¤·¡¢ ¤½¤Î¥¹¥ì¥Ã¥É¤¬ kill (2) ¤ò»È¤Ã¤ÆÁ÷¿®¤µ¤ì¤¿¥·¥°¥Ê¥ë¤ò¼õ¿®¤¹¤ë¡£

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CLONE_SETTLS (Linux 2.5.32 °Ê¹ß)

newtls °ú¤¿ô¤Ï¡¢¿·¤·¤¤ TLS (Thread Local Storage) ¥Ç¥£¥¹¥¯¥ê¥×¥¿¤Ç¤¢¤ë¡£ (set_thread_area(2) ¤ò»²¾È¤Î¤³¤È)

CLONE_PARENT_SETTID (Linux 2.5.49 °Ê¹ß)

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CLONE_CHILD_SETTID (Linux 2.5.49 °Ê¹ß)

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CLONE_CHILD_CLEARTID (Linux 2.5.49 °Ê¹ß)

»Ò¥×¥í¥»¥¹¤¬½ªÎ»¤·¤¿¤È¤¤Ë»Ò¥×¥í¥»¥¹¤Î¥á¥â¥êÆâ¤Î child_tidptr ¤¬»Ø¤¹¾ì½ê¤Ë¤¢¤ë»Ò¥×¥í¥»¥¹¤Î¥¹¥ì¥Ã¥É ID ¤ò¾Ãµî¤·¡¢ ¤½¤Î¥¢¥É¥ì¥¹¤Ç futex ¤ò wake (µ¯¾²) ¤µ¤»¤ë¡£ ¤³¤Î¥¢¥É¥ì¥¹¤Ï set_tid_address(2) ¥·¥¹¥Æ¥à¥³¡¼¥ë¤ÇÊÑ¹¹¤¹¤ë¤³¤È¤¬¤Ç¤¤ë¡£ ¤³¤Îµ¡Ç½¤Ï¥¹¥ì¥Ã¥É¥é¥¤¥Ö¥é¥ê¤Ç»ÈÍÑ¤µ¤ì¤ë¡£

sys_clone

sys_clone ¥·¥¹¥Æ¥à¥³¡¼¥ë¤Ï¡¢¤è¤ê fork(2) ¤Ë¶á¤¤¤«¤¿¤Á¤Ë¤Ê¤Ã¤Æ¤ª¤ê¡¢»Ò¥×¥í¥»¥¹¤Î¼Â¹Ô¤¬¸Æ¤Ó½Ð¤·¤¬¹Ô¤ï¤ì¤¿¾ì½ê¤«¤é Â³¤±¤é¤ì¤ë¡£ ¤½¤Î¤¿¤á¡¢ sys_clone ¤¬É¬Í×¤È¤¹¤ë°ú¤¿ô¤Ï flags ¤È child_stack ¤À¤±¤Ç¤¢¤ê¡¢¤½¤ì¤é¤Ï clone() ¤ÈÆ±¤¸°ÕÌ£¤ò»ý¤Ä (¤³¤ì¤é¤Î°ú¤¿ô¤Î½çÈÖ¤Ï clone() ¤È¤Ï°Û¤Ê¤ë¤³¤È¤ËÃí°Õ¤»¤è)¡£

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EINVAL: CLONE_FS ¤È CLONE_NEWNS ¤ÎÎ¾Êý¤¬ flags ¤Ë»ØÄê¤µ¤ì¤¿¡£
EINVAL: child_stack ¤Ë¥¼¥í¤ò»ØÄê¤·¤¿¾ì¹ç¤Ë clone() ¤¬ÊÖ¤¹¡£
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int clone2(int (*fn)(void *), 

           void *child_stack_base, size_t stack_size,

           int flags, void *arg, ... 

           /* pid_t *pid, struct user_desc *tls, pid_t *ctid */ );

clone2() ¥·¥¹¥Æ¥à¥³¡¼¥ë¤Ï clone() ¤ÈÆ±¤¸¤è¤¦¤ËÆ°ºî¤¹¤ë¤¬¡¢°Ê²¼¤ÎÅÀ¤¬°Û¤Ê¤ë: child_stack_base ¤Ï»Ò¥×¥í¥»¥¹¤Î¥¹¥¿¥Ã¥¯¥¨¥ê¥¢¤ÎºÇ¾®¤Î¥¢¥É¥ì¥¹¤ò»Ø¤·¡¢ stack_size ¤Ï child_stack_base ¤¬»Ø¤·¼¨¤¹¥¹¥¿¥Ã¥¯¥¨¥ê¥¢¤ÎÂç¤¤µ¤ò¼¨¤¹¡£

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    #include <syscall.h>



    pid_t mypid;



    mypid = syscall(SYS_getpid);

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fork(2), futex(2), getpid(2), gettid(2), set_thread_area(2), set_tid_address(2), tkill(2), unshare(2), wait(2), capabilities(7), pthreads(7)

Linux Certif

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