mmap

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Langue: ja

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Version: 2006-12-04 (openSuse - 09/10/07)

Section: 2 (Appels système)

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mmap, munmap - ¥Õ¥¡¥¤¥ë¤ä¥Ç¥Ð¥¤¥¹¤ò¥á¥â¥ê¤Ë¥Þ¥Ã¥×/¥¢¥ó¥Þ¥Ã¥×¤¹¤ë

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#include <sys/mman.h>



void *mmap(void *start, size_t length, int prot, int flags,

           int fd, off_t offset);



int munmap(void *start, size_t length);

ÀâÌÀ

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SVr4, 4.4BSD, POSIX.1-2001.

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getpagesize(2), mincore(2), mlock(2), mmap2(2), mremap(2), msync(2), remap_file_pages(2), setrlimit(2), shm_open(3)
B.O. Gallmeister, POSIX.4, O'Reilly, pp. 128-129 and 389-391.