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getpwnam

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getpwnam, getpwnam_r, getpwuid, getpwuid_r - ¥Ñ¥¹¥ï¡¼¥É¥Õ¥¡¥¤¥ë¤Î¥¨¥ó¥È¥ê¤Î¼èÆÀ

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#include <sys/types.h>

#include <pwd.h>



struct passwd *getpwnam(const char *name);



struct passwd *getpwuid(uid_t uid);



int getpwnam_r(const char *name, struct passwd *pwbuf,




        char *buf, size_t buflen, struct passwd **pwbufp);



int getpwuid_r(uid_t uid, struct passwd *pwbuf,




        char *buf, size_t buflen, struct passwd **pwbufp);

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getpwuid() ´Ø¿ô¤Ï¡¢¥æ¡¼¥¶ ID uid ¤Ë¥Þ¥Ã¥Á¤¹¤ë¥Ñ¥¹¥ï¡¼¥É¡¦¥Ç¡¼¥¿¥Ù¡¼¥¹¤Î¥¨¥ó¥È¥ê¤ò Í×ÁÇËè¤Ëʬ²ò¤·¡¢³ÆÍ×ÁǤò³ÊǼ¤·¤¿¹½Â¤ÂΤؤΥݥ¤¥ó¥¿¤òÊÖ¤¹¡£

getpwnam_r() ¤È getpwuid_r() ´Ø¿ô¤Ï (¾åµ­¤Î´Ø¿ô¤È) Ʊ¤¸¾ðÊó¤ò¼èÆÀ¤¹¤ë¤¬¡¢ ¼èÆÀ¤·¤¿ passwd ¹½Â¤ÂΤò pwbuf ¤¬»Ø¤¹Îΰè¤Ë³ÊǼ¤¹¤ë¡£ ¤³¤Î passwd ¹½Â¤ÂΤˤÏʸ»úÎó¤Ø¤Î¥Ý¥¤¥ó¥¿¤¬´Þ¤Þ¤ì¡¢ ¤³¤ì¤é¤Îʸ»úÎó¤Ï¥µ¥¤¥º buflen ¤Î¥Ð¥Ã¥Õ¥¡ buf ¤Ë³ÊǼ¤µ¤ì¤ë¡£ À®¸ù¤·¤¿¾ì¹ç *pwbufp ¤Ë¤Ï·ë²Ì¤Ø¤Î¥Ý¥¤¥ó¥¿¤¬³ÊǼ¤µ¤ì¤ë¡£ ¥¨¥ó¥È¥ê¤¬¸«¤Ä¤«¤é¤Ê¤«¤Ã¤¿¾ì¹ç¤ä¥¨¥é¡¼¤¬È¯À¸¤·¤¿¾ì¹ç¤Ë¤Ï *pwbufp ¤Ë¤Ï NULL ¤¬Æþ¤ë¡£

passwd ¹½Â¤ÂΤϡ¢<pwd.h> ¤Ç°Ê²¼¤Î¤è¤¦¤ËÄêµÁ¤µ¤ì¤Æ¤¤¤ë:

struct passwd {

    char   *pw_name;       /* ¥æ¡¼¥¶Ì¾ */

    char   *pw_passwd;     /* ¥æ¡¼¥¶¤Î¥Ñ¥¹¥ï¡¼¥É */

    uid_t   pw_uid;        /* ¥æ¡¼¥¶ ID */

    gid_t   pw_gid;        /* ¥°¥ë¡¼¥× ID */

    char   *pw_gecos;      /* ¼Â̾ */

    char   *pw_dir;        /* ¥Û¡¼¥à¥Ç¥£¥ì¥¯¥È¥ê */

    char   *pw_shell;      /* ¥·¥§¥ë¥×¥í¥°¥é¥à */

};

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»ØÄꤵ¤ì¤¿ name ¤Þ¤¿¤Ï uid ¤¬¸«¤Ä¤«¤é¤Ê¤«¤Ã¤¿¡£

EINTR

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EIO

I/O ¥¨¥é¡¼¡£

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ENOMEM

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ERANGE

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/etc/passwd

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SVr4, 4.3BSD, POSIX.1-2001

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¥Õ¥£¡¼¥ë¥É pw_dir ¤Ë¤Ï¡¢¥æ¡¼¥¶¤Îºî¶È¥Ç¥£¥ì¥¯¥È¥ê̾¤Î½é´üÃͤ¬³ÊǼ¤µ¤ì¤ë¡£ ¥í¥°¥¤¥ó¥×¥í¥»¥¹¤Ï¡¢¤³¤Î¥Õ¥£¡¼¥ë¥É¤ÎÃͤò»È¤Ã¤Æ¡¢ ¥í¥°¥¤¥ó¥·¥§¥ë¤Î HOME ´Ä¶­ÊÑ¿ô¤ò½é´ü²½¤¹¤ë¡£ ¥¢¥×¥ê¥±¡¼¥·¥ç¥ó¤¬¡¢¥æ¡¼¥¶¤Î¥Û¡¼¥à¡¦¥Ç¥£¥ì¥¯¥È¥ê¤ò·èÄꤹ¤ë¾ì¹ç¤Ë¤Ï¡¢ (getpwuid(getuid())->pw_dir ¤ÎÃͤǤϤʤ¯) HOME ¤ÎÃͤò¸¡ºº¤¹¤ë¤è¤¦¤Ë¤¹¤Ù¤­¤Ç¤¢¤ë¡£ ¤Ê¤¼¤Ê¤é¡¢¤³¤Î¤è¤¦¤Ë¤¹¤ë¤³¤È¤Ç¡¢¥æ¡¼¥¶¤¬¥í¥°¥¤¥ó¡¦¥»¥Ã¥·¥ç¥óÃæ¤Ç ¡Ö¥Û¡¼¥à¡¦¥Ç¥£¥ì¥¯¥È¥ê¡×¤Î°ÕÌ£¤òÊѹ¹¤Ç¤­¤ë¤è¤¦¤Ë¤Ê¤ë¤«¤é¤Ç¤¢¤ë¡£ Ê̤Υ桼¥¶¤Î¥Û¡¼¥à¡¦¥Ç¥£¥ì¥¯¥È¥ê (¤Î½é´üÃÍ) ¤òÃΤë¤Ë¤Ï getpwnam(username)->pw_dir ¤«Æ±ÍͤÎÊýË¡¤ò»È¤¦É¬Íפ¬¤¢¤ë¡£

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endpwent(3), fgetpwent(3), getgrnam(3), getpw(3), getpwent(3), putpwent(3), setpwent(3), passwd(5)