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radiusd

NAME

radiusd - Authentication, Authorization and Accounting server

SYNOPSIS

radiusd [-C] [-d config_directory] [-f] [-i ip-address] [-n name] [-p port] [-s] [-v] [-x] [-X]

DESCRIPTION

FreeRADIUS is a high-performance and highly configurable RADIUS server. It supports many database back-ends such as flat-text files, SQL, LDAP, Perl, Python, etc. It also supports many authentication protocols such as PAP, CHAP, MS-CHAP(v2), HTTP Digest, and EAP (EAP-MD5, EAP-TLS, PEAP, EAP-TTLS, EAP-SIM, etc.).

Version 2.0 has preliminary support for Cisco's VLAN Query Protocol, also known as VMPS.

OPTIONS

The following command-line options are accepted by the server.

-C

Check the configuration and exit immediately. If there is a problem reading the configuration, then the server will exit with a non-zero status code. If the configuration appears to be acceptable, then the server will exit with a zero status code.

Note that there are many limitations to this check. Due to the complexities involved in almost starting a RADIUS server, these checks are necessarily incomplete. The server can return a zero status code when run with -C, but may still exit with an error when run normally.

See the output of radiusd -XC for an informative list of which modules are checked for correct configuration, and which modules are skipped, and therefore not checked.

-d config directory

Defaults to /etc/raddb. Radiusd looks here for its configuration files such as the dictionary and the users files.

-i ip-address

Defines which IP address that the server uses for sending and receiving packets.

If this command-line option is given, then the "bind_address" and all "listen{}" entries in radiusd.conf are ignored.

This option MUST be used in conjunction with "-p".

-f

Do not fork, stay running as a foreground process.

-n

Read raddb/name.conf instead of raddb/radiusd.conf.

-p port

Normally radiusd listens on the ports specified in /etc/services (radius and radacct). When this option is given, radiusd listens on the specified port for authentication requests and on the specified port +1 for accounting requests.

If this command-line option is given, then the "port" directive in radiusd.conf is ignored.

This option MUST be used in conjunction with "-i".

-s

Run in "single server" mode. The server normally runs with multiple threads and/or processes, which can lower its response time to requests. Some systems have issues with threading, however, so running in "single server" mode may help to address those issues. In single server mode, the server will also not "daemonize" (auto-background) itself.

-v

Print server version information and exit.

-X

Debugging mode. Equivalent to -sfxx -l stdout

-x

Finer-grained debug mode. In this mode the server will print details of every request on it's stdout output. You can specify this option multiple times (-x -x or -xx) to get more detailed output.

DEBUGGING

The server can be difficult to configure correctly in systems with complex requirements. We STRONGLY RECOMMEND proceeding via the following steps:

1) Always run the server in debugging mode ( radiusd -X ). We cannot emphasize this enough. If you are not running the server in debugging mode, you will not be able to see what is doing, and you will not be able to correct any problems.

2) When editing the radiusd.conf file, change as little as possible, especially in the authorize{} section. The ordering of the modules is critical for the server to be able to "automatically" figure out how to handle the request. Changing the order of the modules ensures that the server will not work.

3) When testing, start off by configuring a user and password in the users file. So long as the server knows about a user, and has a clear-text password for that user, almost all of the authentication methods will "just work".

4) Gradually add more complex configurations to the server, while testing them as you go. If you start off by configuring the server in a complex configuration, you will never be able to debug it.

5) Ask questions on the mailing list (freeradius-users@lists.freeradius.org). When asking questions, include the output from debugging mode ( radiusd -X ). This information will allow people to help you. Without it, your message will get ignored.

BACKGROUND

RADIUS is a protocol spoken between an access server, typically a device connected to several modems or ISDN lines, and a radius server. When a user connects to the access server, (s)he is asked for a loginname and a password. This information is then sent to the radius server. The server replies with "access denied", or "access OK". In the latter case login information is sent along, such as the IP address in the case of a PPP connection.

The access server also sends login and logout records to the radius server so accounting can be done. These records are kept for each terminal server seperately in a file called detail, and in the wtmp compatible logfile /var/log/radwtmp.

CONFIGURATION

Radiusd uses a number of configuration files. Each file has it's own manpage describing the format of the file. These files are:

radiusd.conf

The main configuration file, which sets the administrator-controlled items.

dictionary

This file is usually static. It defines all the possible RADIUS attributes used in the other configuration files. You don't have to modify it. It includes other dictionary files in the same directory.

hints

Defines certain hints to the radius server based on the users's loginname or other attributes sent by the access server. It also provides for mapping user names (such as Pusername -> username). This provides the functionality that the Livingston 2.0 server has as "Prefix" and "Suffix" support in the users file, but is more general. Ofcourse the Livingston way of doing things is also supported, and you can even use both at the same time (within certain limits).

huntgroups

Defines the huntgroups that you have, and makes it possible to restrict access to certain huntgroups to certain (groups of) users.

users

Here the users are defined. On a typical setup, this file mainly contains DEFAULT entries to process the different types of logins, based on hints from the hints file. Authentication is then based on the contents of the UNIX /etc/passwd file. However it is also possible to define all users, and their passwords, in this file.

SEE ALSO

radiusd.conf(5), users(5), huntgroups(5), hints(5), dictionary(5).

AUTHOR

The FreeRADIUS Server Project (http://www.freeradius.org)